A Global War Or An Intercontinental Nuclear Exchange Is Highly Unlikel

A global war or an intercontinental nuclear exchange is highly unlikely in the current world political climate. But as long as considerable nuclear weapons and long range delivery systems exist in other countries and a developing threat resides with potential adversaries, the possibility of an aerospace attack on North America cannot be discounted. Furthermore, the proliferation of cruise and ballistic missiles, and weapons of mass destruction, has made the post-Cold War world more, rather than less, dangerous. New generations of these weapons may be in the hands of governments or organizations which could threaten the North American continent, or American and Canadian military personnel deployed around the world. Control of North America's airspace is challenged by those who violate the air sovereignty of Canada and the United States. In addition, weapons proliferation coupled with an increasingly unstable world, increases the importance of effective aerospace warning. Benefits The greatest benefit the Canadian and US governments derive from NORAD is their ability to share the resources and costs needed for aerospace security. It would be militarily impractical, as well as inefficient, for each nation to unilaterally perform NORAD's missions and functions. In Canada's case, although aerospace control would be possible, the mission of air defense in depth would be difficult due to the country's large land mass and relatively small defense force. Further, Canada depends entirely on US systems to provide warning of ballistic missile attack, both at home and at overseas locations where deployed Canadian military personnel could be threatened. Although other US military organizations could assume many of NORAD's tasks in aerospace warning, the increased costs and operational difficulties would be compounded by the loss of efficiency that is obtained through cross-border cooperation. In addition, the US benefits from the ability to receive early warning information from radars along Canada's northern tier. This improves the US'' capability to provide timely warning for air launched cruise missile attacks and to initiate defensive measures. Other benefits to both nations include shared intelligence and technology, joint strategic planning for defense, and a long tradition of binational cooperation and friendship. NORAD/Command Relationships The Commander in Chief NORAD (CINCNORAD) is responsible to the governments of both Canada and the United States for the aerospace defense of North America. CINCNORAD may be either a Canadian or American general, but has historically been an American. CINCNORAD reports directly to the Prime Minister of Canada through the Canadian Chief of Defence Staff, and to the US President and Secretary of Defense through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Canada and the United States decide individually what forces to make available to CINCNORAD to enable him to carry out NORAD''s missions. CINCNORAD exercises operational control over the Canadian and US forces made available by both countries. For example, CINCNORAD controls US and Canadian radars and air defense fighters to safeguard North America''s air sovereignty and to defend against air attack. CINCNORAD is also supported by other commands. As a case in point, United States Space Command provides NORAD with surveillance and warning information to carry out NORAD''s aerospace warning mission. Because timely and accurate warning information plays such a key role in NORAD accomplishing its missions, whenever CINCNORAD is a US officer he is dual-hatted as Commander in Chief of US Space Command (USCINCSPACE). This helps to ensure rapid passage of warning information from USSPACECOM to NORAD. Forces and Funding The Canadian and US governments fund NORAD forces through their respective military budgets and each nation provides its own funding for the forces it contributes to the Command. These arrangements provide maximum flexibility for each government. Except for NORAD Headquarters itself, all forces, surveillance systems, and infrastructure are owned, operated and maintained by other military commands such as Air Combat Command in the United States or Air Command (as of mid-1997, 1 Canadian Air Division) in Canada. These forces and systems frequently are shared with other users, with only a portion of their costs being directly attributable to NORAD. Enhanced Effectiveness and Efficiency NORAD continually studies and implements measures designed to streamline operations while performing its critical missions. For example, NORAD has initiated a flexible fighter alert concept. This concept allows NORAD Region Commanders to tailor their aerospace control forces and alert postures to meet the perceived

A Process for Practicing Design Innovation

A Process for Practicing Design Innovation The article under consideration is â€Å"A process for practicing design innovation† written by Vijay Kumar. The article was written in 2009 in the Journal of Business Strategy. The broad area of this article is the innovation and its role in the functioning of modern companies. It is important to remember that to remain competitive and meet customers’ needs, the company should use different kinds of innovations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Process for Practicing Design Innovation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article under discussion is closely related to the Business Process Management Course because the main idea of the article is to meet customers’ requirements by means of using innovations, and the main purpose of the course is to teach students focus on all aspects of the organization which may help satisfy clients’ needs. Thus, it may be concluded that the article and t he course are really interrelated and those who study the discipline should check this information. This article is really interesting and informative. It not just offers the information about design innovation, but also provides the reader with specific examples. It is interesting to read how such powerful companies as Apple, FedEx, etc. managed to use the innovation in the satisfaction of clients’ desires. Moreover, this information may be really useful for the future profession. The key learning points in the article are related to the design innovations and planning a competitive business. The main idea of the article is to show that the manufacturing in the world should be based not on the products but on people who want to buy those products. It is easy to understand the main focus of the article if to consider the words and phrases which kept repeating in the text: technology, business, innovation process, design process, innovation design, innovation culture, design, design management, user studies. While reading an article, it was easy to identify the blocks of the article which focused on different information. Thus, the following building blocks of the article may be considered, the introduction, the main body divided into parts, the theoretical research and the practical understanding of the problem, and the final part.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The introduction of the article covers the information about the necessity of the innovation in the modern business world. Using the concrete examples of the companies which have already applied design innovation process in their work, the author tries to show that the research is really up to date and necessary. As it was mentioned above, the main body of the paper is divided into two parts. The first part of this block refers to design models in the innovation and to the p rinciples which should be used for practicing design innovation. There are four principles: the innovations should be built around human experience, innovation is not just a product, it is a system, innovation culture should be cultivated in the organizations, innovation design processes should be rigorous and perfectly structured. The second part of the main body considers the process of the design innovation in detail. The author of the article generates seven modes for design innovation process and describes those minutely. The modes are really helpful for those who want to check the actions that should be completed for implementation of a successful design innovation process (Kumar 92). The final block of information in the article comprises reference list and the information about the author. One of the main limitations of the article is that there is no concise and informative conclusion. The reader cannot check whether the conclusions he/she made coincide with the conclusio ns of the author. Furthermore, the conclusion should summarize the information discussed in the article and state the author’s personal opinion. I was really pleased with what I have read. First of all, I got to know the design innovation process better, understood its main purpose (to meet customer’s desires and to be able to compete in global markets) and considered the companies which use this method in practice. Indeed, four principles for practicing design innovation on the basis of the analysis of the most innovative companies in the world were considered. This information may be helpful in the future as for a business manager. Moreover, the modes for design innovations were offered. The detailed information makes it possible to implement knowledge acquired from this article in practice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Process for Practicing Design Innovation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More St ill, there are a number of limitations which were noticed in the reading. The first limitation was considered previously, that is the absence of precise conclusion. In addition, each new method and technology has both advantages and disadvantages. The author of the article dwells upon only positive and strong features of the design innovation without stating the limitations of it. Furthermore, it would be better if the author not only mentioned the modes with brief description of each one, but provided the reader with the specific example of a company which used those modes for design innovation. This information could help the reader understand the main idea of the process in detail. In fact, the general impression from the read text is positive. The author inserted a number of tables and schemes which helped understand why innovation is business-technology driven. Furthermore, the detailed information about seven modes is presented in a form of a table that helps understand the pr ocess structurally. One more positive feature of the article is that the author provides the examples when discussing principles for practicing design innovation. Thus, by the example of MP3 player and the company focus on human experience of listening to music but not on the device, I understood the main idea of the first principle for practicing design innovation that states that the innovations should be built around human experience. The useful information in the article may be related to the sources which were analyzed there. The author of the article tried to use the sources which supported his opinion and disclosed the main idea of some facts. For example, writing about the emphasis the creator of the innovation should use to make it successful, the author refers to Kumar and Whitney who state that the creator should focus on human behavior, their activities and needs, and motivations. Only in this case the successful innovation may be possible. Using the example of Nabila Mu hammad Usman charity organization in Dubai, it is easy to consider whether it is easy to apply the information from the article to real business or not. The main idea of the organization is to help people who really need it. The development of the Internet made it possible for the organization to reach the global level. People from all over the world are allowed to donate.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organization has created its website and tries to deliver all the possible information to people who care. Different projects, like International Volunteers Day – Dec 5th, would have been impossible if the created had not used the innovative facilities like the Internet and the e-mail. Those items helped both deliver the invitation to people, to tell about the organization of the day on the web site and search for the necessary information. The Volunteers Day on the international arena may be created only if the work is provided with the help of specific steps (Nabila Muhammad Usman). In conclusion, the article under consideration opened my horizon on such a new thing as design innovation and the use of this process in practice. There were a number of lessons which I learnt. Firstly, innovation is the engine of development. Only those companies who apply innovative processes and ideas in their manufacturing are able to compete within the county and especially in the globa l markets. Secondly, I got to know that the design innovation process should be completed in accordance with specific steps expressed in the article via modes. I also understood that it is better to apply innovation to the whole complex of the procedures in the manufacturing rather than to the product only. Having considered this article, I understand that innovative ideas are important. Having checked the theoretical information on design innovation process, we should turn to practical implementation of the ideas we have. But, a thorough research on the topic should be conducted to get to know more information. Then, we should choose a sphere, identify the needs of this sphere and get down to design innovation process of the required idea according to the modes presented in the article. It is also important not to forget about the principles. Kumar, Vijay. A process for practicing design innovation. Journal of Business Strategy 30.2/3 (2009): 91-100. Print. Nabila Muhammad Usman. â€Å"International Volunteers Day – Dubai.† Nabilausman.com. 29 Nov., 2009. Web.

The Godfather Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Godfather - Research Paper Example This paper makes an analysis of the whole film, its plot and characters. According to the paper the film consists of a number of themes that can be developed into a number of films. For instance, the film can be evaluated as a gangster film which portrays the war among the mafia groups in New York. On the other side, this film can be evaluated as the after effect of the disagreement among mafia families in New York. At the same time, this film represents the growth of some immigrant families into mafia families. From a different angle, this film represents the dilemma faced by protagonist and his rapid development to a mafia leader. In short, the film does is not confined to the context of a gangster film, but extends to the contexts of personal/family problems and violence. This paper comes to the conclusion that the most important advantage of the film is the importance given to the message against violence and bloodshed. As pointed out, the director makes use of the main characters to convey his message to the viewers. Within this context, the director makes use of the film as a medium to create awareness among the mass on end result of drug trafficking and related violence. On the other hand, the most important disadvantage of the film is that it deals with violence and bloodshed as an integral part of the underworld. This may create bias against the underdogs in the society. So, one can see that the film is with a number of pros and cons. In short, the director’s aim to make use of his characters as his mouthpiece to convey his message against the anti-social elements in the society proves to be successful to an extent.

Field Project in a School Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Field Project in a School - Personal Statement Example e) entertaining activities also proved to be effective such as literacy activity games like playing word search, boggle, ending words, site words, how to use the computer, E.S.A games, scrabble, smart boards, cursive writing and book reports. 3. Learning to write effectively prepares students for success in both the classroom and the outside world. Being able to express oneself well in writing can be a great source of power. I helped the students develop writing skills by applying interactive and effective methods. These include: a) writing exercises about topics that are close to the experiences of the students like their favorite junk food, pair of pants, first day of spring, what you are thankful for in your life, etc. or topics about special occasions such as Easter where they are asked to relate what they did on that special day with their family c) through excursions or trips where children were able to see plays or shows (like retumbia, Cinderella and Doctor Amelia Bedelia), and were asked to write their viewpoints about the show or they are taken to class trips to the museum of natural history to share what they saw and what was their favorite part of the place d) new spelling words for the week where students write the new words 5 times and make a sentence for each word e) research about Egyptians pyramids and its contents f) playing site word bingo g) writing letters to their parents or write letter to their teacher about what they did over the weekend. h) the five-sense taste test, the students write about their favorite ice cream flavor (vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry) and make a graph for it i) students practice writing their address on loose-leaf paper 3 times, this helps students learn how to prepare an address envelope j) story reading like "Dear Mr. Blueberry" by Simon James where students are required to write Mr. Blueberry with an address envelope k) the students are also taught to do persuasive writing l) students were taken to a field trip to Sony wonder technology laboratory and explored the communication and

The most appropriate organizational culture Article

The most appropriate organizational culture - Article Example While before, general knowledge is usually taught in order that students can qualify into whatever job becomes available regardless of the field of study pursued, in this modern era they are encouraged to enrich their talent, thus the rise of academic courses designed specifically to meet their needs. I belong to the group that started giving due regard to their particular interest at an early age. In addition, there is the drive to heighten the level of competence and get ahead of the others. The mindset is â€Å"what I can offer the company that I will choose to work with†, and not the other way around. For this reason, I feel comfortable to form part of an organization with a culture that values talent, entrepreneurial activity, and performance over commitment; one that offers large financial rewards and individual recognition. I believe that equal opportunities for career growth should be presented to all employees, and not much weight on the length of service. The latter is not even a reliable basis of company loyalty. Just because one has been with the company longer than the other, it does not mean he or she can do the job better. A good performance deserves recognition, and I suppose this determines the employee’s work morale, camaraderie, and dependability. A single performance incites a chain reaction that benefits the team, the management, and the organization as a whole. I do not consider myself a â€Å"one man show† for I too enjoy aiming for the goal next to my colleagues; nevertheless, changes are inevitable and opportunities are everywhere.

Feminist Elements in A Rose for Emily

Feminist Elements in A Rose for Emily A Rose for Emily is a short story written by William Faulkner, first published in the Forum paper in 1930 . It tells a story of Miss Emily Grierson, a noble old spinster, who lives in Jefferson fictional city located in the state of Mississippi. One day she falls in love with Homer Barron, a Yankee who in fact does not want to marry her. Therefore, later on Miss Emily kills him and for the next forty years has slept with the corpse of her lover. While interpreting this peculiar work, most of the literary critiques pay attention to the spectacular form of narration and play with the time. However, this story cannot be read merely as an experiment with narrative chronology. William Faulkner wrote about childhood, families, sex, race, obsession, () South and modern world.(Baym) He went very deeply into his characters minds reconstructing at the same time an entire southern society. A Rose for Emily is a peculiar social commentary which perfectly presents the role and demands of women d uring the early 20th century, and pressures of the society and ways in which it can wear people down. Therefore, I think we can find very interesting aspects of this story if we look at it from a feminist point of view. As Du Fang (2007) pointed out, this work comments on patriarchal chauvinism, puritan womanhood as well as the societys perception of the female. The first aspect I would like to focus on is the issue of patriarchal chauvinism which seems to prevail throughout the story. The patriarchal chauvinism means that it is the father who enjoys the absolute power in deciding every family affair. (Du Fang) In A Rose for Emily Faulkner presents the South as an area powerfully traditional, family-centred and with a clearly defined social roles. At the beginning of the 20th century women in the South were discriminated as well as docile to men. It was the man, most often, the father who had a dominant power, who was intolerant of any opposition. Miss Emily is a figure who lives in the shadow of her father. We had long thought of them as a tableau. Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the backflung front door. (Faulkner, 11) In this description, Mr. Grierson is big and tall, whereas Emily is small and frail. As Du Fang (2007) noted, having a horsewhip in the hand may suggest being harsh, strict and treating the daughter as a possession. Therefore, it is not a surprise when Mr. Grierson withdraws Miss Emily from the outside world and deprives her of potential womans happiness. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such.(Faulkner, 11) The father prevents any young gentlemen from marrying his daughter. He does not take into consideration her needs, innermost feelings as well as a sheer desire of being fulfilled as a woman. What is more, even after the fathers death Emily remains in his shadow. She does not agree on disposing Mr. Griersons body as it is the only way of not being left alone. The second aspect which is worth mentioning, is the issue of womanhood under puritan influence. The southerners regarded the religion as one of the most prevailing and influential factors in their lives. The South is known as the Bible Belt, the region of the country where the Bible still has a stronghold. (Hart, 1998) Therefore, it does not come as a surprise that southern men followed the Biblical conviction that a woman is the cause of all evils and problems in the world. Moreover, they implemented this belief so deeply in their lives that womens situation inconceivably deteriorated. Females were deprived of keeping their own individualities, discriminated and inhibited by men. Any desires concerning sex or everyday life were condemned and treated as whims. Miss Emily can be in a way regarded as a victim of the puritan womanhood, although not entirely. She is dominated by her tyrannical father, she never lives her own life. She controls her desires to not violate the norms and sta ndards imposed on her by the society. However, later on, after her fathers death Miss Emily enters into a love affair with Homer Barron, a Yankee. Such behaviour is inadmissible and sternly condemned in southern society. Due to that, her shift in the conduct may be interpreted as a protest against tradition, conventional set of decent human conduct. At this point Miss Emily does what all feminists do she rebels against the limitations, gender rules imposed by patriarchal social forces. It does not matter that later on she is left by Homer and her brave acting comes to nothing. What only counts is her defence against limitations and protection of her rights as a woman. The last angle I want to look at the A Rose for Emily would be the societys perception of female. Every human lives in a certain society and is influenced by its traditions and principles. A society is an institution which has a right to judge and sustain the pressure. Thus, people create a strong sense of ones responsibility for another. In A Rose for Emily, Miss Emily gets into this trap. Jeffersons community feels a great obligation to take care of her and control her actions. Throughout the story, she is perceived by her environment as a weak and dependent woman. When her father dies she is left alone. She does not have a man to care for her, so the town council decides to absolve her tax duties. The people of the town attempt to accommodate her needs by offering their help and sympathy. They also try to be lenient with her eccentricities dating with a Yankee, buying a poison or keeping corpse of her father. This caretaking of Miss Emily depicts the perception of woman during th at period of time. A woman without a man is helpless. She is not able earn her living as well as to remain mentally well and function properly in the society. A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner presents perfectly reconstructed panorama of southern society and its faults. This short, but at the same time, captivating story is a marvellous commentary on female position and her interaction with society. A woman is repressed and oppressed by men be it her father, lover or husband. She is taught and forced to live according to the well-established principles and rules. Disobedience results in condemnation, disrespect as well as in isolation. Therefore, woman remains in the shadow and does not go beyond her scope of work. To add fuel to the fire, a woman is regarded by her society as a weak, dependent and not self-sufficient. All this elements are strongly indicated in A Rose for Emily. Thanks to such intricate and multidimensional work we can interpret it on many levels and every time come up with different conclusions.

Social Constructivism Essay example -- Education, Teachers Training

Vygotsky's (1978/1981) social constructivism (SC) theory suggests that teachers can use an alternative instructional method by engaging students with a set of approaches and strategies. Vygotsky’s SC approach reflects on creating a learning setting which, allows students to negotiate meaning through learning by doing to facilitate wireless computing within the classroom (Woo and Lim, 2009). Teacher training and input in their personal view points on technology integration professional learning experiences are essential for constructive changes (So & Kim, 2009). Teacher training and point of views through the social constructivism (SC) theory can create opportunities to provide hands-on learning and enables students to access electronic books, study, review, research or explore through SC concept (Zucker & King, 2009). Ryu, Parsons, Li, Sheng & Javed (2009) found that the antidote to learning, requires referencing prior knowledge to recent experiences, referencing different situations to similar, past situations, and then incorporating what one has learned to the past foundation. A foundation upon which to build needs to be established first to construct planned activities (Kundi & Nawaz, 2010). The social constructivism (SC) approach makes it possible for teachers to meet online, share ideas, prepare lesson plans and activities using different software packages (Moses, Khambari, & Luan, 2008). Dewey (1916/1997), Papert (1993/2000), Piaget (1932/1997), and Vygotsky’s (1978/1981), social constructivism (SC) theory illustrates that the teacher guides the learner during the learning process rather than instructing through traditional lecturers. Wellings and Levine (2009) established that technology literacy i... ...s. Children, preteens and teens naturally network with devices and interfaces that were not available a decade ago (Wellings & Levine, 2009). Wireless computing using laptops in the instructional setting creates room for the teacher to assume the role of facilitator (Woo & Lim, 2009). Teaching with wireless laptops guides learners to become self-driven and transform a passive learning setting to an active learning setting (Skevakis, 2010). As facilitators, teachers can ensure that their students’ tasks performances occur in an appropriate social constructivism (SC) manner. The SC approach places students as active participants in their learning process (Mileva, Simpson, & Thompson, 2008). Current research can help develop a plan and concept of the deliberating rate of integrating wireless computing (So and Kim, 2009) through an OSN for K–12 teachers.